Color
The most typical shades are golden yellow, orange, and brown,but amber can also be pale lemon yellow, red (sometimes known as "cherryamber"), green, and even blue. Naturally green amber is fairly rare, andmost of the green amber seen in jewelry today is either artificial or treated,or simply displayed with a dark backing that gives it a green tint. Perhaps therarest form of amber is blue amber, which comes from the Dominican Republic,and fluoresces bright white under long-wave ultraviolet light.
颜色
琥珀最典型的颜色是金黄，橘色，和棕色，但是也有浅柠檬黄，红色（也叫樱桃红），绿色，乃至蓝色。天然的绿色琥珀非常少见。大部分首饰上的绿珀要么是人工合成或加工的，要么就是在黑色背景下展示从而使其带有一丝绿意。最少见的琥珀是蓝珀，产自多米尼加共和国。蓝珀在长波紫外光线下闪烁强烈的白色荧光。

Transparency
Amber can also be quite varied in terms of its transparency,ranging from completely clear to fully opaque and milky. The opaque variety isthat way because of lots and lots of tiny bubbles trapped within it, which Ithink is pretty cool, but it’s the transparent amber that is the most highlyprized. Plus, the clearer it is, the easier it is to see all the neat stuff thatmight be trapped inside it! The milky opaque amber, sometimes called bonyamber, can actually be made clear using an oil bath, since the oil fills in allof those little air pockets that make it look so cloudy.
透明度
琥珀在透明度上也种类繁多，从完全透明到完全不透明和乳状都有。不透明的琥珀是由于内部含有大量的微小气泡造成的。【译者按：戏肉来了】尽管这听起来挺酷，但是透明的琥珀价格更高。而且透明度越高，越能够清晰地看到琥珀内部封装的精彩内含物。那种乳状的不透明琥珀，有时候也叫骨珀，实际上可以通过用油浸泡变清变透。因为油会浸润并减少那些使琥珀看起来呈云雾状的微小的气泡的数量。

Yellow amber is a hard, translucent, yellow, orange, or brownfossil resin from evergreen trees. Much of the most highly prized amber istransparent, in contrast to the very common cloudy amber and opaque amber.Opaque amber contains numerous minute bubbles. This kind of amber is known as"bony amber".
黄色琥珀是一种坚硬，透明，黄色，橘色或者棕色的化石，源自常绿树木的树脂。【译者注：不同的来源，相同的说法】相对于那些常见的云雾状和不透明的琥珀，大部分价格高企的琥珀都是透明的。不透明的琥珀含有海量微小的气泡。这种琥珀也被称为“骨珀”。

The rarest Dominican amber is blue amber. It turns blue in natural sunlight and any otherpartially or wholly ultraviolet light source.In long-wave UV light it has a very strong reflection, almost white. Only about100 kg (220 lb) is found per year, which makes it valuable andexpensive.
最少见的多米尼加琥珀是蓝珀。它在自然阳光和其他任何紫外光源下呈蓝色。在长波紫外光源下它会产生强烈的反光，几乎是白色的。蓝珀每年产量只有100公斤，价格非常昂贵。

Baltic Amber
Amber is found all over the world, but one of the leadingsources is from a site in Russia on the Baltic Sea, and you find amber usedquite often in Russian jewelry and art. The Catherine Palace near SaintPetersburg, which was the summer home of the Russian tsars, has an elaboratechamber in it called the Amber Room. The entire room was decorated with panelsof inlaid amber and gold leaf. It was looted and stripped bare by the Nazisduring WWII, but it has actually been restored in the meantime. I visitedRussia in the 1980s (while it was still the Soviet Union) and got to see theamber room in a stage of partial restoration. And let me say, even partiallycomplete, it was unbelievably…well, gaudy isthe first word that comes to mind, actually.
波海琥珀
琥珀全世界到处都是【译者注：真怀疑这篇是不是郭德纲的女朋友写的】,但是俄罗斯波罗的海是主要产地之一。琥珀广泛地应用在俄式珠宝和艺术品中。圣彼得堡附近的凯瑟琳宫以前是俄国沙皇的夏宫。宫里有一个琥珀厅，整个房间都用琥珀和金叶子镶嵌的镶板装饰。二战期间纳粹军队洗劫了夏宫，但是现在已经被完全修复。我一九八几年去俄国（还是苏联时期）时曾经看到了部分修复的琥珀厅。怎么说呢，即使是部分修复，它仍然令人难以置信的…..好吧，其实我脑海中闪现的第一个词是--“土豪”！【译者注：沙皇，我们做盆友吧。】

IAA classification of Baltic Amber:
国际琥珀联合会对波海琥珀的分类：
Natural Baltic amber – gemstone which hasundergone mechanical treatment only (for instance: grinding, cutting, turningor polishing) without any change to its natural properties
天然海珀：只经过机械加工（例如，打磨，切割，车铣，或者抛光），对天然属性没有任何改变。
Modified Baltic amber – gemstone subjectedonly to thermal or high-pressure treatment, which changed its physicalproperties, including the degree of transparency and color, or shaped undersimilar conditions out of one nugget, previously cut to the required size.
优化海珀：只经过加热或者高压处理，改变了琥珀的物理性质，包括透明度和颜色，或者在同样条件下将事先已切割成合适大小的琥珀块改变形状。
Reconstructed (pressed) Baltic amber –gemstone made of Baltic amber pieces pressed in high temperature and under highpressure without additional components.
压制琥珀：在高温和高压下，将多块琥珀压制成一块，同时没有添加任何其他成分。
Bonded Baltic amber – gemstone consistingof two or more parts of natural, modified or reconstructed Baltic amber bondedtogether with the use of the smallest possible amount of a colorless bindingagent necessary to join the pieces.
粘合琥珀：这种琥珀由两块或两块以上天然，优化或者压制的海珀，通过用最小所需剂量【译者注：天知道】的无色粘合剂粘合而成。

看完这些资料，感觉国外和我们国内玩的不太一样。国外透明的琥珀价格更高。

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楼主好牛，谢谢楼主科普