“爱他就要对得起他”，我一定要认真仔细地校译这一段TAT
——致所有我爱过的“太子”们（是的我发现了！我爱/花痴的人物几乎全是太子，就算后来升职了，当太子的时间也奇长……）

还有个短语我不确定怎么翻译最好：The Muster of Edoras。最接近的意思是“埃多拉斯集团军”，然而这也太穿越了捶地……

THE BATTLES OF THE FORDS OF ISEN
艾森河渡口之战
The chief obstacles to an easy conquest of Rohan by Saruman were Théodred and Éomer: they were vigorous men, devoted to the King, and high in his affections, as his only son and his sister-son; and they did all that they could to thwart the influ¬ence over him that Gríma gained when the King's health began to fail. This occurred early in the year 3014, when Théoden was sixty-six; his malady may thus have been due to natural causes, though the Rohirrim commonly lived till near or beyond their eightieth year. But it may well have been induced or increased by subtle poisons, administered by Gríma. In any case Théoden's sense of weakness and dependence on Gríma was largely due to the cunning and skill of this evil counsellor's suggestions. It was his policy to bring his chief opponents into discredit with Théoden, and if possible to get rid of them. It proved impossi¬ble to set them at odds with one another: Théoden before his "sickness" had been much loved by all his kind and people, and the loyalty of Théodred and Éomer remained steadfast, even in his apparent dotage, Éomer also was not an ambitious man, and his love and respect for Théodred (thirteen years older than he) was only second to his love of his foster-father. 1 Gríma therefore tried to play them one against the other in the mind of Théoden, representing Éomer as ever eager to increase his own authority and to act without consulting the King or his Heir. In this he had some success, which bore fruit when Saruman at last succeeded in achieving the death of Théodred.
萨茹曼要轻松征服洛汗，主要障碍就在于希奥杰德和伊奥梅尔二人。他们正当盛年，对希奥顿王忠心耿耿，且一位是国王的独子，一位是国王的外甥，二人都深受国王喜爱与信赖。当国王的身体开始衰弱时，他们竭尽所能，阻挠格里马对国王施加影响。国王体弱是3014年初的事，希奥顿当时六十六岁，因而尽管洛希尔人普遍都能活到八十岁左右，他的病患仍有可能是正常的年老体衰导致的，但也极有可能是格里马下了不易发觉的毒药引起或加重的。总而言之，希奥顿感到衰弱，并且依赖格里马，这两点都是拜此邪恶参谋那些狡猾又巧妙的建议所赐。格里马的策略是，让希奥顿不再信任自己那两个主要对手，可能的话就除掉他们。但事实证明，离间双方是不可能的。希奥顿“患病”以前深受所有的族人和百姓爱戴，即便他明显昏聩了，希奥杰德和伊奥梅尔的忠诚仍然不曾动摇。而且，伊奥梅尔并非野心勃勃之人，他对希奥杰德的爱和尊敬仅次于对自己养父希奥顿的爱（希奥杰德比他年长十三岁）[1]。因此，格里马又企图在希奥顿心目中将这二人对立起来，将伊奥梅尔描绘成总是渴望增加自己的权威，不征求国王及其继承人意见就擅自行动之辈。他于此取得了一定程度的成功；在萨茹曼终于促成希奥杰德之死后，格里马的做法也收到了效果。
It was clearly seen in Rohan, when the true accounts of the battles at the Fords were known, that Saruman had given spe¬cial orders that Théodred should at all costs be slain. At the first battle all his fiercest warriors were engaged in reckless assaults upon Théodred and his guard, disregarding other events of the battle, which might otherwise have resulted in a much more damaging defeat for the Rohirrim. When Théodred was at last slain Saruman's commander (no doubt under orders) seemed satisfied for the time being, and Saruman made the mistake, fatal as it proved, of not immediately throwing in more forces and proceeding at once to a massive invasion of Westfold; though the valour of Grimbold and Elfhelm contributed to his delay. If the invasion of Westfold had begun five days earlier, there can be little doubt that the reinforcements from Edoras would never have come near Helm's Deep, but would have been surrounded and overwhelmed in the open plain; if indeed Edoras had not itself been attacked and captured before the arrival of Gandalf.
两场艾森河渡口战役的经过真相大白之后，洛汗的人们清楚地认识到，萨茹曼当时专门下了命令，定要不惜一切代价杀死希奥杰德。在第一场战役中，他将最凶猛的战士全部派去，不顾一切地攻击希奥杰德和他的卫队，全然不理别处的战况。若非如此，洛希尔人战败可能就会遭受大得多的损失。等希奥杰德终于被杀，萨茹曼的大将（无疑是奉了命令的）似乎就暂时满意了，而萨茹曼犯了一个错误，事后证明这是致命的——埃尔夫海尔姆和格里姆博德的英勇举措拖延了他的行动，他没有立刻投入更多兵力，即刻前去大规模入侵西伏尔德[2]。假如他提前五天入侵西伏尔德，那么即便在甘道夫到来之前，埃多拉斯自身没有遭到进攻乃至沦陷[3]，来自埃多拉斯的援军也几乎没有可能接近海尔姆深谷，而是在平原上就会被包围击败。
It has been said that the valour of Grimbold and Elfhelm contributed to Saruman's delay, which proved disastrous for him. The above account perhaps underestimates its importance.
前文已经提到，萨茹曼之所以延误战机，要归于格里姆博德和埃尔夫海尔姆的英勇举措，而事实证明，这个延误对他来说是灾难性的。上文的叙述或许低估了它的重要性。
The Isen came down swiftly from its sources above Isengard, but in the flat land of the Gap it became slow until it turned west; then it flowed on through country falling by long slopes down into the low-lying coast-lands of furthest Gondor and the Enedwaith, and it became deep and rapid. Just above this westward bend were the Fords of Isen. There the river was broad and shallow, passing in two arms about a large eyot, over a stony shelf covered with stones and pebbles brought down from the north. Only here, south of Isengard, was it possible for large forces, especially those heavily armed or mounted, to cross the river. Saruman thus had this advantage: he could send his troops down either side of the Isen and attack the Fords, if they were held against him, from both sides. Any force of his east of Isen could if necessary retreat upon Isengard. On the other hand, Théodred might send men across the Fords, either in sufficient strength to engage Saruman's troops or to defend the western bridgehead; but if they were worsted, they would have no retreat except back over the Fords with the enemy at their heels, and possibly also awaiting them on the eastern bank. South and west along the Isen they had no way home, unless they were provisioned for a long journey into Western Gondor.
艾森河的源头位于艾森加德上方，河水急速流下，但到了洛汗豁口的平地上就和缓下来，直到转向西方。此后它穿过乡野，经由长长的山坡一路降入刚铎边境处的低洼海滨和埃奈德地区，又变得水深湍急。艾森河渡口就位于那处转向西方的弯道上游。那里河面开阔，河水很浅，分成两条支流合抱着一片大河洲，河床密布着从北方冲刷下来的大小碎石。艾森加德以南，只有此地可供大军过河，尤其是重装部队或骑兵。因此，萨茹曼拥有这样一项优势——倘若渡口有人把守，不容他通过，他可以派遣军队从艾森河两侧而下，夹攻渡口。他在艾森河东岸的军队只要有必要就能撤向艾森加德。另一方面，希奥杰德也可以派人通过渡口，要么以充足兵力与萨茹曼的军队交战，要么防守西侧滩头，但他们一旦被击溃就没有退路，只能经由渡口撤退，到时敌人紧追在后，而且还很可能有敌人等在东侧河岸。沿着艾森河一线，南边和西边都没有能退回去的路[4]，除非他们的补给足够长途跋涉，进入西刚铎。

So ended the First Battle of the Fords of Isen. Of the Second Battle no such clear accounts were ever made, owing to the much greater events that immediately followed. Erkenbrand of Westfold assumed command of the West-mark when news of the fall of Théodred reached him in the Hornburg on the next day. He sent errand-riders to Edoras to announce this and to bear to Théoden his son's last words, adding his own prayer that Éomer should be sent at once with all help that could be spared. 7 "Let the defence of Edoras be made here in the West," he said, "and not wait till it is itself besieged." But Gríma used the curtness of this advice to further his policy of delay. It was not until his defeat by Gandalf that any action was taken. The reinforcements with Éomer and the King himself set out in the afternoon of March the 2nd, but that night the Second Battle of the Fords was fought and lost, and the invasion of Rohan began.
第一场艾森河渡口战役就这样结束了。关于第二场战役的情况，描述没有这样清晰，因为接踵而来的种种事件远为重要。希奥杰德阵亡的次日，西伏尔德的埃肯布兰德在号角堡得知噩耗，便接过了西马克的指挥权。他派信使前往埃多拉斯报告此事，向希奥顿转达他儿子的遗言，并补充了他自己的请求，那就是立刻派伊奥梅尔率领所有能抽出的援军赶来[7]。他说：“让防守埃多拉斯的阵线设在西方这边，不要等到都城自身遭到围困。”但格里马利用这条唐突的建议，进一步推行了拖延的策略，到他被甘道夫挫败为止都没有采取任何行动。伊奥梅尔和国王亲自率领的援军于三月二日下午出发，但那一夜，第二场渡口战役已经打响并败北，对洛汗的侵略开始了。
Erkenbrand did not at once himself proceed to the battlefield. All was in confusion. He did not know what forces he could muster in haste; nor could he yet estimate the losses that Théodred's troops had actually suffered. He judged rightly that invasion was imminent, but that Saruman would not dare to pass on eastward to attack Edoras while the fortress of the Hornburg was unreduced, if it was manned and well stored. With this business and the gathering of such men of Westfold as he could, he was occupied for three days. The command in the field he gave to Grimbold, until he could come himself; but he assumed no command over Elfhelm and his Riders, who belonged to the Muster of Edoras. The two commanders were, however, friends and both loyal and wise men, and there was no dissension between them; the ordering of their forces was a compromise between their differing opinions. Elfhelm held that the Fords were no longer important, but rather a snare to entrap men better placed elsewhere, since Saruman could clearly send forces down either side of the Isen as suited his purpose and his immediate purpose would undoubtedly be to overrun Westfold and invest the Hornburg, before any effective help could come from Edoras. His army, or most of it, would therefore come down the east side of the Isen; for though by that way, over rougher ground without roads, their approach would be slower, they would not have to force the passage of the Fords. Elfhelm therefore advised that the Fords should be abandoned; all the available men on foot should be assembled on the east side, and placed in a position to hold up the advance of the enemy: a long line of rising ground running from west to east some few miles north of the Fords; but the cavalry should be withdrawn eastward to a point from which, when the advancing enemy was engaged with the defence, a charge with the greatest impact could be delivered on their flank and drive them into the river. "Let Isen be their snare and not ours!"
埃肯布兰德并没有立刻亲赴战场。情况一片混乱。他不知道自己仓促间能集结哪些军队，而且还估计不出希奥杰德的部下真正遭受了多大损失。他做出了正确的判断，那就是侵略迫在眉睫，但只要号角堡这处要塞有人防守、补给充裕，从而不被攻下，萨茹曼就不敢继续向东去进攻埃多拉斯。三天时间，他都忙于一边加强号角堡防务，一边尽力召集西伏尔德的人手。埃肯布兰德暂时不能亲自出战，便将战场指挥权交给了格里姆博德；但他并没有接管埃尔夫海尔姆及他麾下的骑兵，他们属于埃多拉斯兵团。不过，格里姆博德和埃尔夫海尔姆这两位将领是朋友，他们都是忠诚且明智之人，彼此并无龃龉不和。他们对军队的部署方式是双方不同意见妥协的结果。埃尔夫海尔姆认为，渡口已经不再重要，而更像是一处牵制兵力的陷阱，而这些兵力部署在别处会更合适，因为萨茹曼显然可以视自己目的而定，从艾森河两岸派遣军队而下，而他下一个目的无疑就是在埃多拉斯派来任何有力援助之前征服西伏尔德，攻下号角堡。因此，萨茹曼的军队——或者说，主力军队——会从艾森河东岸而下，因为虽然那边的地面没有道路、更加难走，他们行军速度会慢些，但不必强攻通过渡口。由此，埃尔夫海尔姆建议放弃渡口，所有可用的步兵都应集合在东岸，布置在能够阻止敌人推进的地点——那是长长一道自西向东的高地，位于渡口以北几哩处。但骑兵应当往东撤到一处地点，从那里，当推进的敌人与防守部队交锋时，骑兵可以向敌军侧翼发起冲锋，造成最大的冲击，将他们赶进河中。“让艾森河成为他们的陷阱，而不是我们的！”
Grimbold on the other hand was not willing to abandon the Fords. This was in part due to the tradition of Westfold in which he and Erkenbrand had been bred; but was not without some reason. "We do not know," he said, "what force Saruman has still at his command. But if it is indeed his purpose to ravage Westfold and drive its defenders into Helm's Deep and there contain them, then it must be very great. He is unlikely to display it all at once. As soon as he guesses or discovers how we have disposed our defence, he will certainly send great strength at all speed down the road from Isengard, and crossing the undefended Fords come in our rear, if we are all gathered northwards.”
相对于埃尔夫海尔姆的意见，格里姆博德不愿放弃渡口，这有西伏尔德传统的因素——他和埃肯布兰德都在西伏尔德长大——但并不是没有道理的。他说：“我们不知道萨茹曼还有多少军队听命，但如果他真打算洗劫西伏尔德，将守军赶进海尔姆深谷困住，那他的军队必定是人数庞大。他不太可能将军力一次就展示出来。如果我们全军都北上集合，一旦他猜出或者发现我们放弃了防守，他肯定会派出大军，从艾森加德沿着大道全速攻来，通过无人防守的渡口，攻击我们的后方。”
In the end Grimbold manned the western end of the Fords with the greater part of his foot-soldiers; there they were in a strong position in the earth-forts that guarded the approaches. He remained with the rest of his men, including what remained to him of Théodred's cavalry, on the east bank. The eyot he left bare. 8 Elfhelm however withdrew his Riders and took up his position on the line where he had wished the main defence to stand; his purpose was to descry as soon as could be any attack coming down on the east of the river and to disperse it before it could reach the Fords.
最后，格里姆博德以麾下多数步兵防守渡口西端，在那里，他们凭借据守道路的地堡防御，处于有利位置。他带领余人守在东岸，这其中包括了希奥杰德麾下骑兵的余部。他没有留人防守河洲[8]。而埃尔夫海尔姆将自己的骑兵撤了回去，在他本来希望构筑起主要防线的那一带部署了防御，意在尽可能迅速地发现从河东岸而下发起攻击的敌人，并抢在他们抵达渡口前先行驱散。

All went ill, as most likely it would have done in any case: Saruman's strength was too great. He began his attack by day, and before noon of March the 2nd a strong force of his best fighters, coming down by the Road from Isengard, attacked the forts on the west of the Fords. This force was in fact only a small part of those that he had in hand, no more than he deemed sufficient to dispose of the weakened defence. But the garrison of the Fords, though greatly outnumbered, resisted stubbornly. At length, however, when both the forts were heavily engaged, a troop of Uruks forced the passage between them and began to cross the Fords. Grimbold, trusting in Elfhelm to hold off attack on the east side, came across with all the men he had left and flung them back – for a while. But the enemy commander then threw in a battalion that had not been committed, and broke the defences. Grimbold was obliged to withdraw across the Isen. It was then near sunset. He had suffered much loss, but had inflicted far heavier losses on the enemy (mostly Orcs), and he still held the east bank strongly. The enemy did not attempt to cross the Fords and fight their way up the steep slopes to dislodge him; not yet.
战况全线失利——不管他们怎样做，结果都多半会是这样，因为萨茹曼的军力过于强大了。是日，萨茹曼发动了攻击，三月二日午前，他手下的精锐组成一支强大的军队，从艾森加德沿大道而来，向渡口以西的两处堡垒发动了进攻。这支军队实际上只是他可用兵力的一小部分，他认为只要这些就足够消灭已被削弱的守军。然而渡口守军尽管寡不敌众，却顽强抵抗，但当两处堡垒终于都陷入了苦战，一队乌鲁克强行从堡间突破，开始通过渡口。格里姆博德相信埃尔夫海尔姆会挡住东面的攻势，便带着全部余下的人手去击退这群乌鲁克——但这只是暂时的。就在那时，敌方大将又投入了一营生力军，攻破了防线。格里姆博德被迫撤过了艾森河。当时已近日落时分，他损失惨重，但给敌人（主要是奥克）造成的损失要大得多，而且他仍然坚守着东岸。敌人没有尝试通过渡口，沿着陡峭的山坡杀上去逐退他——暂时还没有。
Elfhelm had been unable to take part in this action. In the dusk he withdrew his companies and retired towards Grimbold’s camp, setting his men in groups at some distance from it to act as a screen against attack from north and east. From southwards they expected no evil, and hoped for succour. After the retreat across the Fords errand-riders had been dispatched at once to Erkenbrand and to Edoras telling of their plight. Fearing, indeed knowing, that greater evil would befall them ere long, unless help beyond hope reached them swiftly, the defenders prepared to do what they could to hold up Saruman's advance before they were overwhelmed. 9 The greater part stood to arms, only a few at a time attempting to snatch such brief rest and sleep as they could. Grimbold and Elfhelm were sleepless, awaiting the dawn and dreading what it might bring.
埃尔夫海尔姆无法参加这项行动。黄昏时分，他撤回了麾下各个连队，向格里姆博德的营地退去，将自己的人马分成小队部署在营地外围一定距离之处，以抵御来自北方和东方的攻击。从南边，他们没有料到会有敌军，相反希望会有援军。退过渡口后，他就立刻派出了信使，向埃肯布兰德和埃多拉斯报告他们的困境。守军担心——实际上清楚——不久更大的灾祸就会降临，除非有援军出乎望外，迅速赶到。他们做好了准备，要竭尽所能阻止萨茹曼的军队推进，死战到底[9]。大多数人都甲不离身兵不离手，只是偶尔有人尝试着尽可能地抽空休息打盹。格里姆博德和埃尔夫海尔姆通宵未眠，等待黎明到来，忧虑着之后又会如何。
They did not have to wait so long. It was not yet midnight when points of red light were seen coming from the north and already drawing near on the west of the river. It was the vanguard of the whole remaining forces of Saruman that he was now committing to battle for the conquest of Westfold. 10 They came on at great speed, and suddenly all the host burst into flame, as it seemed. Hundreds of torches were kindled from those borne by the leaders of troops, and gathering into their stream the forces already manning the west bank they swept over the Fords like a river of fire with a great clamour of hate. A great company of bowmen might have made them rue the light of their torches, but Grimbold had only a handful of archers. He could not hold the east bank, and withdrew from it, forming a great shieldwall about his camp. Soon it was surrounded, and the attackers cast torches among them, and some they sent high over the heads of the shieldwall, hoping to kindle fires among the stores and terrify such horses as Grimbold still had. But the shieldwall held. Then, since the Orcs were of less avail in such fighting because of their stature, fierce companies of the Dunlendish hillmen were thrown against it. But for all their hatred the Dunlendings were still afraid of the Rohirrim if they met face to face, and they were also less skilled in warfare and less well armed. 11 The shieldwall still held.
等待的时间并没有那么久。当他们看到有红色光点从北方来，并且已经逼近河的西岸时，还不到午夜时分。那就是萨茹曼余下的全部军队的先锋，此时他将他们尽数派出，去征服西伏尔德[10]。他们行军速度极快，突然间，全军似乎都腾起了大火。各队头领们点燃了手中举着的火把，足有成百上千，已经占领了西岸的敌军则汇入了他们的洪流，如同一条火河漫过了渡口，含着恨意的喧嚣鼓噪声震天。若有一大队弓箭手，本可以令他们为点亮火把而后悔，但格里姆博德手下的弓箭手寥寥无几。他守不住东岸了，只能撤退，在营地周围架起了一道庞大的盾墙。很快营地就被包围了，进攻一方朝他们投掷火把，将其中一些高高抛过了盾墙，希望点燃粮草，惊吓格里姆博德尚存的马匹。但盾墙坚持住了。接着，由于奥克的身形不利于这样的作战方式，凶猛的黑蛮地山区人一队队向盾墙扑去。然而无论黑蛮地人如何心怀憎恨，他们面对洛希尔人时依旧心存畏惧，而且战斗技巧有所不及，装备也有所不如[11]。盾墙仍然坚持住了。

谢谢两位！基本都已改掉XD

NOTES
注释
1 Éomer was the son of Théoden's sister Théodwyn, and of Éomund of Eastfold, chief Marshal of the Mark. Éomund was slain by Orcs in 3002, and Théodwyn died soon after; their children Éomer and Éowyn were then taken to live in King Théoden's house, together with Théodred, the King's only child. (The Lord of the Rings, Ap¬pendix A (II).)
伊奥梅尔是希奥顿的妹妹希奥德温的儿子，他父亲是马克大元帅、东伏尔德的伊奥蒙德。3002年，伊奥蒙德被奥克所杀，希奥德温不久后也去世了。此后他们的孩子伊奥梅尔和伊奥温被送去住在希奥顿王的王宫中，与国王的独子希奥杰德一同生活。（见《魔戒》附录一第二篇）
2 The Ents are here left out of account, as they were by all save Gandalf. But unless Gandalf could have brought about the rising of the Ents several days earlier (as from the narrative was plainly not possible), it would not have saved Rohan. The Ents might have destroyed Isengard, and even captured Saruman (if after victory he had not himself followed his army). The Ents and Huorns, with the aid of such Riders of the East-mark as had not yet been engaged, might have destroyed the forces of Saruman in Rohan, but the Mark would have been in ruins, and leaderless. Even if the Red Arrow had found any one with authority to receive it, the call from Gondor would not have been heeded – or at most a few companies of weary men would have reached Minas Tirith, too late except to perish with it. [Author's note.] – For the Red Arrow see The Re¬turn of the King 1 3, where it was brought to Théoden by an er¬rand-rider from Gondor as a token of the need of Minas Tirith.
此处恩特没有被考虑在内——除了甘道夫，谁也没有考虑到他们。但是，除非甘道夫能提前数天鼓动恩特起来参战（从故事来看，这显然是不可能的），否则也拯救不了洛汗。恩特或许能摧毁艾森加德，甚至俘虏萨茹曼（如果他取胜后没有亲自随大军而行）。恩特和胡奥恩加上东马克尚未参战的骑兵的援助，或许能消灭萨茹曼在洛汗的军队，但马克会全境尽毁，无人领导。即便真有哪位拥有权威的人收到了红箭，刚铎的求援也会被忽视，或是至多只有几个连队的疲惫人马能赶到米那斯提力斯，且为时过晚，只能随城一同覆灭。【作者注】——关于红箭，见《王者归来》卷五第三章，故事中它作为米那斯提力斯求援的信物，由一位信使从刚铎送到了希奥顿手中。
3 The first battle of the Folds of Isen, in which Théodred was slain, was fought on the 25th of February; Gandalf reached Edoras seven days later, on the 2nd of March. (The Lord of the Rings, Appendix B, year 3019.) See note 7.
第一场艾森河渡口之战发生在二月二十五日，此役中希奥杰德战死。甘道夫七天后抵达埃多拉斯，那是三月二日。（《魔戒》附录二3019年条目）见注释7。
4 Beyond the Gap the land between Isen and Adorn was nominally part of the realm of Rohan; but though Folcwine had reclaimed it, driving out the Dunlendings that had occupied it, the people that remained were largely of mixed blood, and their loyalty to Edoras was weak: the slaying of their lord, Freca, by King Helm was still remembered. Indeed at this time they were more disposed to side with Saruman, and many of their warriors had joined Saruman's forces. In any case there was no way into their land from the west except for bold swimmers. [Author's note.] – The region between Isen and Adorn was declared to be a part of the realm of Eorl at the time of the Oath of Cirion and Eorl: see p. 319.
In the year 2754 Helm Hammerhand, King of the Mark, slew with his fist his arrogant vassal Freca, lord of lands on either side of the Adorn; see The Lord of the Rings, Appendix A (II).
在洛汗豁口之外，艾森河和阿多恩河之间的土地名义上也是洛汗疆土的一部分。然而尽管伏尔克怀恩逐走一度占据此地的黑蛮地人，收复了它，但留在那里的人们大多数都是混血，对埃多拉斯的忠诚度很低。他们仍然记得，海尔姆王杀了他们的领主弗雷卡。实际上，他们此时更倾向于投靠萨茹曼，许多战士都加入了萨茹曼的军队。总之，他们的土地从西方无路可入，除非是胆大的游泳的人。【作者注释】——奇瑞安和埃奥尔立誓之时，艾森河和阿多恩河之间的地区被宣布成为埃奥尔的国度的一部分。见319页。
2754年，马克之王“锤手”海尔姆赤手空拳杀死了傲慢的臣属弗雷卡，他是阿多恩河两岸土地的领主。参见《魔戒》附录一第二篇。
5 They were very swift and skilled in avoiding ordered men in close array, being used mostly to destroy isolated groups or to hunt down fugitives; but at need they would pass with reckless ferocity through any gaps hi companies of horsemen, slashing at the bellies of the horses. [Author's note.]
狼骑兵行动十分狡猾迅速，擅长绕开阵型密集的对手，主要用来消灭孤立的小股军队或追捕逃亡者。但在必要时，他们能以不顾一切的凶猛冲进骑兵连队之间的空隙，削砍马的肚腹。【作者注】
6 The Deeping: this is so written and is clearly correct, since it occurs again later. My father noted elsewhere that the Deeping-coomb (and Deeping-stream) should be so spelt, rather than Deeping Coomb, "since Deeping is not a verbal ending but one indicating relationship: the coomb or deep valley belonging to the Deep (Helm's Deep) to which it led up." (Notes on Nomenclature to assist translators, published in A Tolkien Compass, edited by Jared Lobdell, 1975, page 181.)
深谷：此处写法是Deeping，且明显是正确的，因为这个写法后来又出现了。我父亲在别处注释道，“深谷的宽谷”Deeping-coomb（和“深谷溪”Deeping-stream）应当写成这样，而不能写成Deeping Comb，“因为这里的Deeping一词本身不是名词，而是表达从属关系，修饰的是那道属于深谷（也就是海尔姆深谷）的一部分，通往深谷的宽谷或纵深山谷。”（出自协助译者翻译的《命名法注解》，1975年发表在《托尔金作品导读》中，由Jared Lobdell编辑。）
7 The messages did not reach Edoras until about noon on February the 27th. Gandalf came there early in the morning of March the 2nd (February had thirty days!): it was thus, as Gríma said, not then fully five days since news of Théodred’s death had reached the King. [Author's note.] – The reference is to The Two Towers, III, 6.
这些消息直到二月二十七日中午前后才送达埃多拉斯。三月二日（二月有三十天！）上午，甘道夫早早到了埃多拉斯，因此就如格里马所说，从国王得知希奥杰德的死讯到当时，还不满五天。【作者注】——参见《双塔殊途》卷三第六章。
8 It is told that he set up on stakes all about the eyot the heads of the axemen that had been slain there, but above the hasty mound of Théodred in the middle was set his banner. "That will be defence enough," he said. [Author's note.]
据说，格里姆博德围绕河洲竖起了一圈尖桩，把那些斩杀在当地的持斧人头颅穿在桩上，但在河洲中央为希奥杰德匆匆堆起的坟冢上，格里姆博德插了希奥杰德的军旗，说：“以此防守足矣。”【作者注】<---这这这真是不折不扣的恐怖片场景……

APPENDIX
附录
(i)
第一节
In writing associated with the present text some further particulars are given concerning the Marshals of the Mark in the year 3019 and after the end of the War of the Ring:
3019年时以及魔戒大战结束后有关马克元帅的介绍，与本篇相关的短文给出了更加详细具体的说明：
Marshal of the Mark (or Riddermark) was the highest military rank and the title of the King's lieutenants (originally three), commanders of the royal forces of fully equipped and trained Riders. The First Marshal's ward was the capital, Edoras, and the adjacent King's Lands (including Harrowdale). He commanded the Riders of the Muster of Edoras, drawn from this ward, and from some parts of the West-mark and East-mark for which Edoras was the most conve¬nient place of assembly. The Second and Third Marshals were as¬signed commands according to the needs of the time. In the beginning of the year 3019 the threat from Saruman was the most urgent, and the Second marshal, the King's son Théodred, had com¬mand over the West-mark with his base at Helm's Deep; the Third Marshal, the King's nephew Éomer, had as his ward the East-mark with his base at his home, Aldburg in the Folde.
马克（或里德马克）元帅是最高的军衔，也是国王麾下股肱大将的头衔（起初设有三位）。他们统领全副武装、训练有素的王室军队骑兵。大元帅的管辖范围包括都城埃多拉斯，以及邻近的王室领地（包括祠边谷在内）。他指挥埃多拉斯兵团的骑兵，这些骑兵是从这片辖地和西马克、东马克的某些地区*征募来的，埃多拉斯是这支军队最方便的集结地。第二元帅和第三元帅的职责视当时需求而定。在3019年初，最紧急的威胁来自萨茹曼，第二元帅、国王的儿子希奥杰德统领西马克，根据地是海尔姆深谷，而第三元帅、国王的外甥伊奥梅尔则管辖东马克，根据地是伏尔德的奥德堡†。
* These were terms only used with reference to military organisation. Their boundary was the Snowbourn River to its junction with the Entwash, and thence north along the Entwash. [Author's note.]
* 东马克和西马克这两个说法都是指军队组织方式而言。两地以雪河为界，直到雪河汇入恩特沛河处，从那里向北则是沿着恩特沛河一线。【作者注】
† There Eorl had his house; it passed after Brego son of Eorl removed to Edoras into the hands of Eofor, third son of Brego, from whom Éomund, father of Éomer, claimed descent. The Folde was part of the King's Lands, but Aldburg remained the most convenient base for the Muster of the Eastmark. [Author's note.]
† 奥德堡是埃奥尔的旧居。埃奥尔之子布雷戈迁去埃多拉斯之后，此处就传给了布雷戈的第三个儿子埃奥佛。伊奥梅尔的父亲伊奥蒙德宣称自己就是埃奥佛的后代子孙。伏尔德是王室领地的一部分，但奥德堡始终都是东马克驻军最便利的基地所在地。【作者注】

After the fall of Théodred command in the West-mark (again without orders from Edoras) was assumed by Erkenbrand, Lord of Deeping-coomb and of much other land in Westfold. He had in youth been, as most lords, an officer in the King's Riders, but he was so no longer. He was, however, the chief lord in the West-mark, and since its people were in peril it was his right and duty to gather all those among them able to bear arms to resist invasion. He thus took command also of the Riders of the Western Muster; but Elfhelm remained in independent command of the Riders of the Muster of Edoras that Théodred had summoned to his assistance.
希奥杰德牺牲以后，西马克的指挥权（同样没有来自埃多拉斯的命令）由埃肯布兰德接手。埃肯布兰德是深谷宽谷以及西伏尔德大片土地的领主，他年轻时曾像多数领主那样，是御前骑兵中的将领，但如今已经不是了。然而，他是西马克的领主，鉴于当地百姓受到了威胁，他有权力和责任从中集结所有能够使用武器的人，以抵抗侵略。因此，他也担起了西境兵团骑兵的指挥责任，但埃尔夫海尔姆仍然独立指挥着希奥杰德召来援助的埃多拉斯兵团骑兵。
After the healing of Théoden by Gandalf, the situation changed. The King again took command in person, Éomer was reinstated, and became virtually first Marshal, ready to take command if the King fell or his strength failed; but the title was not used, and in the presence of the King in arms he could only advise and not issue orders. The part he actually played was thus much the same as that of Aragorn: a redoubtable champion among the champions of the King.
希奥顿被甘道夫治愈后，情况改变了。国王重新亲自担起指挥之责，伊奥梅尔恢复了地位，成了实质上的大元帅，一旦国王牺牲或体力不支，就由他接替指挥。但他并没有使用大元帅的头衔，国王在场时他只能提出军务建议，不能发号施令。因此，他实际充当的角色与阿拉贡相去无几——国王麾下勇士*当中尤为可敬的一位。
* Those who did not know of the events at court naturally assumed that the reinforcements sent west were under Éomer's command as the only remaining Marshal of the Mark. [Author's note.] – The reference here is to the words of Ceorl, the Rider who met the reinforcements coming from Edoras and told them what had happened in the Second Battle of the Fords of Isen (The Two Towers III 7).
* 不了解王宫事件的人们很自然地认为，派往西边的援军是仅存的马克元帅伊奥梅尔指挥的。【作者注】——此处指的是骑兵克奥尔所说的话，他遇到了埃多拉斯来的援军，并把第二场艾森河渡口战役的战况报告给他们。（见《双塔殊途》卷三第七章）